Investigating the Impact of Temperature and Interlayer Defects on the Efficiency of Mo/ZnTe/ZnSe/SnO2 Heterojunction Thin Film Solar Cells: a SCAPS-1D Simulation Study

This study investigates the effect of using SnO2 as a window layer in heterojunction Mo/ZnTe/ZnSe/SnO2 thin film-solar cell, which, when compared to other absorber materials, has potential be used solar photovoltaic applications due its low cost, non-toxic nature, and ease availability. The research aimed compare impact with ZnO, which been previously layer. Numerical modeling Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS-1D) conducted analyze temperature defects thin-film layers on overall performance cell. Efficiency parameters such short-circuit current density JSC, open-circuit voltage VOC, fill factor FF, efficiency η, have found influenced by temperature, between was analyzed. optimal operating for cell 375 K, not required cooling maintain efficiency, unlike 300 K ZnO simulation results showed that is advantageous higher absence need efficiency. highlights significance quality control during fabrication order minimize enhance